NBPTS Exceptional Needs Specialist Practice Exam 2026 – All-in-One Guide to Master Your Certification!

The correct answer is the oral stage, which occurs from birth to about 18 months. During this phase, infants derive pleasure and satisfaction primarily through activities involving the mouth, such as sucking and biting. Breastfeeding is a significant aspect of this stage, as it provides not only nourishment but also comfort and a sense of security to the infant. The oral stage is crucial for developing trust and attachment, as the infant relies on caregivers for feeding and emotional support.

In contrast, the anal stage, which follows the oral stage, focuses on toilet training and the control of bodily functions. The phallic stage, occurring around ages three to six, is characterized by the exploration of gender identity and the development of sexual identity. The genital stage, which emerges during puberty, encompasses the development of mature sexual relationships. Each of these latter stages builds on the foundational experiences of the oral stage, highlighting its significant role in early psychological development.