NBPTS Exceptional Needs Specialist Practice Exam 2026 – All-in-One Guide to Master Your Certification!

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During Erikson's Stage 4, what do children typically seek to establish?

Friendships and independence

Competence in skills emphasized by society

During Erikson's Stage 4, known as "Industry vs. Inferiority," which typically occurs between the ages of 6 and 12, children seek to establish competence in skills that are valued by their society. This stage is crucial as it focuses on the development of a sense of pride in their accomplishments. Children work hard to master tasks and skills, and they begin to compare themselves with their peers. Success leads to a sense of industry and competence, while failure can result in feelings of inferiority.

This emphasis on societal expectations is central to this stage of development, as children become increasingly aware of their social environment, including the importance of achievements in school and extracurricular activities. Establishing competence not only helps them gain confidence but also contributes significantly to their self-esteem and is foundational for their identity formation in later stages.

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Self-identity and vocational roles

Emotional expressions and connections

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